The full BSD formula from low Selmer corank

What OpenAI claims

Proves the full Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer leading-term formula for every elliptic curve over ℚ whose full q-power Selmer group has corank zero or one for some prime q, including finiteness of the Tate–Shafarevich group. With result 006, this gives full BSD for a density-one set of quadratic twists of every elliptic curve over ℚ.

Papers (3)

1. Exact Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer Formula from Low Selmer Corank

   7 October 2026 · Preprint, not peer reviewed · PDF

   We prove the full Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer leading-term formula for every elliptic curve over ℚ whose full q-power Selmer group has corank zero or one at some prime q. The analytic and Mordell–Weil ranks equal that corank, and the Tate–Shafarevich group is finite. The formula includes all prime factors and requires no additional hypotheses on reduction, rational torsion, isogenies, complex multiplication, or residual Galois representations.

2. The Selmer converse for elliptic curves at every prime

   7 October 2026 · Preprint, not peer reviewed · PDF

   We prove the Selmer converse in coranks zero and one for every elliptic curve over ℚ and every prime p: if the full p-power Selmer group has ℤp-corank r ∈ {0,1}, then the analytic and Mordell–Weil ranks both equal r, and the entire Tate–Shafarevich group is finite. As an application at the additive prime 3, we prove that for every prime ℓ ≡ 4,7,8 (mod 9), the cubic X³+Y³=ℓ Z³ has analytic and Mordell–Weil rank one and finite Tate–Shafarevich group. In particular, every such ℓ is a sum of two rational cubes.

3. The two-primary Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer formula in Selmer corank at most one

   6 October 2026 · Preprint, not peer reviewed · PDF

   We prove the two-primary Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer leading-term formula for every elliptic curve over the rationals whose two-power Selmer group has corank at most one. In this range, the algebraic rank, analytic rank, and Selmer corank are equal, and the Tate–Shafarevich group is finite. Combined with the quadratic-twist Selmer distribution, this gives the exact two-primary formula for a density-one set of signed squarefree twists of each fixed curve, ordered by absolute value; the common rank is zero or one, with each value having density one half.

Status

Preprint. The papers have not been independently reviewed. Treat the result as OpenAI's claim until other mathematicians have checked it. If a video exists, it illustrates the statement; it is not the proof.